Lipoproteinassociated phospholipase a2 lppla2 is a predictor biomarker for incident atherosclerotic disease. Apob 100 is recognized by the hepatic ldl receptor ldlr whereas apob 48. Lipoproteinassociated phospholipase a2 as an independent. Pla2 was identified as a strong predictor for cardiovascular events.
Phospholipase a2 enzymes in metabolic and cardiovascular. Lipoproteinassociated phospholipase a2 lp pla2 clinical and research area cardiac markers clinical utility prognostic marker of adverse cardiacrelated events 1. This is a pdf file of an unedited manuscript that has been. Lipoproteinassociated phospholipase lppla2 is a recently described and potentially useful plasma biomarker associated with cardiovascular disease. Lipoproteinassociated phospholipase a 2 lppla 2 also known as plateletactivating factor acetylhydrolase pafah is a phospholipase a 2 enzyme that in humans is encoded by the pla2g7 gene. Lipoproteinassociated phospholipase a2 activity and mass as. The association between lipoproteinassociated phospholipase a2.
Phospholipase a2 structurefunction, mechanism, and signaling. Lipoproteinassociated phospholipase a2 activity is. Lipoproteinassociated phospholipase a2 and risk of. Lipoprotein associated phospholipase a 2 lppla 2, an inflammatory enzyme expressed in atherosclerotic plaques, is a therapeutic target being assessed in trials of vascular disease prevention. Lipoproteinassociated phospholipase a2 lppla2 also known as plateletactivating factor acetylhydrolase pafah is a phospholipase a2 enzyme that in. First, it inactivates the prominent proinflammatory mediator pafah.
This particular phospholipase specifically recognizes the sn2 acyl bond of phospholipids and catalytically hydrolyzes the bond, releasing arachidonic acid and lysophosphatidic acid. Lppla 2 is a calciumindependent phospholipase a2 enzyme that is associated with both lowdensity lipoprotein ldl and, to a lesser extent, highdensity lipoprotein hdl in human plasma and serum 1 and is distinct from other such phospholipases such as cpla 2 and spla 2. In addition to being a biomarker, is lipoproteinassociated phospholipase a2. Pla2 in diabetes mellitus is controversial and analyses, especially in adolescents with type 2 diabetes t2d, are missing. Pla2 mediates vascular inflammation through the regulation of lipid metabolism in blood, thus. The phospholipase a 2 pla 2 family of proteins includes lipolytic enzymes that liberate the sn2 fatty acyl chains from phospholipids to yield nonesterified fatty acids and lysophospholipids. Lipoproteinassociated phospholipase a2 as a predictive biomarker.
The enzyme, originally named plateletactivating factor acetylhydrolase pafah, has two prominent biological activities. In the present study, we investigated whether lppla2 is an independent predictor of coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke. Lipoprotein associated phospholipase a2 lppla2 is an enzyme mainly produced by macrophages and monocytes and can hydrolyze oxidized phospholipids, produce oxidative modification of lowdensity lipoprotein, and release proinflammatory and proatherogenic metabolites. Lipoproteinassociated phospholipase a2 lppla2 is an emerging inflammatory marker that is used to assess the risk for cardiovascular disease cvd and associated events. Once modified, they are internalized by macrophages, creating foam cells, the hallmark of atherosclerosis. Pla2 belongs to group vii of the pla2 superfamily, which currently comprises of six types and is divided into 16 unique groups.
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